iOS 9和iOS 10 CoreData

我有一个关于Swift 3和Core Data的问题。 我正在用Xcode 8在Swift上开发一个应用程序，我需要支持iOS 9和iOS 10。 问题是，我不知道如何获得AppDelegate和上下文（用于存储和从我的实体获取数据）。 我认为我的代码应该是这样的：

#if avaliable(iOS10,*) { // iOS 10 code } else { // iOS 9 code } 

但我不知道该怎么做。

任何想法？

（一个小的帮助在更正将不胜感激）

Answer 1

＃Swift 3中的代码用于iOS 9和iOS 10的核心数据＃

由于您需要iOS 9和iOS 10的核心数据代码，因此您不必使用NSPersistentContainer因为它在iOS 9中不受支持，所以您必须使用旧方法

如果在创build项目时没有包含核心数据，稍后想要包含核心数据，请按照以下步骤进行操作： –

第1步：转到Build Phases – > Link Binary with Library – > click on + sign – > Add CoreData.framework

第2步。现在到file -> New File -> select Data Model 。

第3步。现在你需要在AppDelegate.swift编写一些代码来获得设置：

 import UIKit import CoreData @UIApplicationMain class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate { var window: UIWindow? func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool { // Override point for customization after application launch. return true } func applicationWillResignActive(_ application: UIApplication) { // Sent when the application is about to move from active to inactive state. This can occur for certain types of temporary interruptions (such as an incoming phone call or SMS message) or when the user quits the application and it begins the transition to the background state. // Use this method to pause ongoing tasks, disable timers, and invalidate graphics rendering callbacks. Games should use this method to pause the game. } func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) { // Use this method to release shared resources, save user data, invalidate timers, and store enough application state information to restore your application to its current state in case it is terminated later. // If your application supports background execution, this method is called instead of applicationWillTerminate: when the user quits. } func applicationWillEnterForeground(_ application: UIApplication) { // Called as part of the transition from the background to the active state; here you can undo many of the changes made on entering the background. } func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) { // Restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) while the application was inactive. If the application was previously in the background, optionally refresh the user interface. } func applicationWillTerminate(_ application: UIApplication) { self.saveContext() } // MARK: - Core Data stack lazy var applicationDocumentsDirectory: NSURL = { // The directory the application uses to store the Core Data store file. This code uses a directory named "hacker.at.work.mTirgger" in the application's documents Application Support directory. let urls = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask) return urls[urls.count-1] as NSURL }() lazy var managedObjectModel: NSManagedObjectModel = { // The managed object model for the application. This property is not optional. It is a fatal error for the application not to be able to find and load its model. let modelURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "Model", withExtension: "momd")! return NSManagedObjectModel(contentsOf: modelURL)! }() lazy var persistentStoreCoordinator: NSPersistentStoreCoordinator = { // The persistent store coordinator for the application. This implementation creates and returns a coordinator, having added the store for the application to it. This property is optional since there are legitimate error conditions that could cause the creation of the store to fail. // Create the coordinator and store let coordinator = NSPersistentStoreCoordinator(managedObjectModel: self.managedObjectModel) let url = self.applicationDocumentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("SingleViewCoreData.sqlite") var failureReason = "There was an error creating or loading the application's saved data." do { try coordinator.addPersistentStore(ofType: NSSQLiteStoreType, configurationName: nil, at: url, options: nil) } catch { // Report any error we got. var dict = [String: AnyObject]() dict[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] = "Failed to initialize the application's saved data" as AnyObject? dict[NSLocalizedFailureReasonErrorKey] = failureReason as AnyObject? dict[NSUnderlyingErrorKey] = error as NSError let wrappedError = NSError(domain: "YOUR_ERROR_DOMAIN", code: 9999, userInfo: dict) // Replace this with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. NSLog("Unresolved error \(wrappedError), \(wrappedError.userInfo)") abort() } return coordinator }() lazy var managedObjectContext: NSManagedObjectContext = { // Returns the managed object context for the application (which is already bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.) This property is optional since there are legitimate error conditions that could cause the creation of the context to fail. let coordinator = self.persistentStoreCoordinator var managedObjectContext = NSManagedObjectContext(concurrencyType: .mainQueueConcurrencyType) managedObjectContext.persistentStoreCoordinator = coordinator return managedObjectContext }() // MARK: - Core Data Saving support func saveContext () { if managedObjectContext.hasChanges { do { try managedObjectContext.save() } catch { // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. let nserror = error as NSError NSLog("Unresolved error \(nserror), \(nserror.userInfo)") abort() } } } } 

这就是你所有的核心数据都可以在Swift 3中使用iOS 9和iOS 10了。

Answer 2

如果你想支持iOS9，那么最好的办法是不要使用任何新的iOS10的东西。

现在坚持使用iOS9 API，将来当您最终放弃iOS9支持时，您可以重构代码以使用更新的方法。

编辑：只是要清楚，所有的iOS9代码将在iOS10上运行良好。 你不需要做任何特别的事情，它都是向后兼容的。

Answer 3

CoreData同时用于iOS9和iOS10

对于你可能需要的人：

这是2016年5月发布的最新Xcode7（适用于iOS9）版本的未修改的主从应用程序模板。我用当前最新的Xcode（版本8.2.1）对其进行了更新，

有了这个模板，您可以开发一个使用与iOS9和iOS10兼容的CoreData的应用程序，至less现在（2017年5月）

AppDelegate.swift

 // // AppDelegate.swift // trash // // Created by Markus on 22/05/17. // Copyright © 2017 Markus. All rights reserved. // import UIKit import CoreData @UIApplicationMain class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate, UISplitViewControllerDelegate { var window: UIWindow? func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool { // Override point for customization after application launch. let splitViewController = self.window!.rootViewController as! UISplitViewController let navigationController = splitViewController.viewControllers[splitViewController.viewControllers.count-1] as! UINavigationController navigationController.topViewController!.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = splitViewController.displayModeButtonItem splitViewController.delegate = self let masterNavigationController = splitViewController.viewControllers[0] as! UINavigationController let controller = masterNavigationController.topViewController as! MasterViewController controller.managedObjectContext = self.managedObjectContext return true } func applicationWillResignActive(_ application: UIApplication) { // Sent when the application is about to move from active to inactive state. This can occur for certain types of temporary interruptions (such as an incoming phone call or SMS message) or when the user quits the application and it begins the transition to the background state. // Use this method to pause ongoing tasks, disable timers, and throttle down OpenGL ES frame rates. Games should use this method to pause the game. } func applicationDidEnterBackground(_ application: UIApplication) { // Use this method to release shared resources, save user data, invalidate timers, and store enough application state information to restore your application to its current state in case it is terminated later. // If your application supports background execution, this method is called instead of applicationWillTerminate: when the user quits. } func applicationWillEnterForeground(_ application: UIApplication) { // Called as part of the transition from the background to the inactive state; here you can undo many of the changes made on entering the background. } func applicationDidBecomeActive(_ application: UIApplication) { // Restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) while the application was inactive. If the application was previously in the background, optionally refresh the user interface. } func applicationWillTerminate(_ application: UIApplication) { // Called when the application is about to terminate. Save data if appropriate. See also applicationDidEnterBackground:. // Saves changes in the application's managed object context before the application terminates. self.saveContext() } // MARK: - Split view func splitViewController(_ splitViewController: UISplitViewController, collapseSecondary secondaryViewController:UIViewController, onto primaryViewController:UIViewController) -> Bool { guard let secondaryAsNavController = secondaryViewController as? UINavigationController else { return false } guard let topAsDetailController = secondaryAsNavController.topViewController as? DetailViewController else { return false } if topAsDetailController.detailItem == nil { // Return true to indicate that we have handled the collapse by doing nothing; the secondary controller will be discarded. return true } return false } // MARK: - Core Data stack lazy var applicationDocumentsDirectory: URL = { // The directory the application uses to store the Core Data store file. This code uses a directory named "com.senbei.trash" in the application's documents Application Support directory. let urls = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask) return urls[urls.count-1] }() lazy var managedObjectModel: NSManagedObjectModel = { // The managed object model for the application. This property is not optional. It is a fatal error for the application not to be able to find and load its model. let modelURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "trash", withExtension: "momd")! return NSManagedObjectModel(contentsOf: modelURL)! }() lazy var persistentStoreCoordinator: NSPersistentStoreCoordinator = { // The persistent store coordinator for the application. This implementation creates and returns a coordinator, having added the store for the application to it. This property is optional since there are legitimate error conditions that could cause the creation of the store to fail. // Create the coordinator and store let coordinator = NSPersistentStoreCoordinator(managedObjectModel: self.managedObjectModel) let url = self.applicationDocumentsDirectory.appendingPathComponent("SingleViewCoreData.sqlite") var failureReason = "There was an error creating or loading the application's saved data." do { try coordinator.addPersistentStore(ofType: NSSQLiteStoreType, configurationName: nil, at: url, options: nil) } catch { // Report any error we got. var dict = [String: AnyObject]() dict[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] = "Failed to initialize the application's saved data" as AnyObject? dict[NSLocalizedFailureReasonErrorKey] = failureReason as AnyObject? dict[NSUnderlyingErrorKey] = error as NSError let wrappedError = NSError(domain: "YOUR_ERROR_DOMAIN", code: 9999, userInfo: dict) // Replace this with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. NSLog("Unresolved error \(wrappedError), \(wrappedError.userInfo)") abort() } return coordinator }() lazy var managedObjectContext: NSManagedObjectContext = { // Returns the managed object context for the application (which is already bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.) This property is optional since there are legitimate error conditions that could cause the creation of the context to fail. let coordinator = self.persistentStoreCoordinator var managedObjectContext = NSManagedObjectContext(concurrencyType: .mainQueueConcurrencyType) managedObjectContext.persistentStoreCoordinator = coordinator return managedObjectContext }() // MARK: - Core Data Saving support func saveContext () { if managedObjectContext.hasChanges { do { try managedObjectContext.save() } catch { // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. let nserror = error as NSError NSLog("Unresolved error \(nserror), \(nserror.userInfo)") abort() } } } } 

MasterViewController.swift

 // // MasterViewController.swift // trash // // Created by Markus on 22/05/17. // Copyright © 2017 Markus. All rights reserved. // import UIKit import CoreData class MasterViewController: UITableViewController, NSFetchedResultsControllerDelegate { var detailViewController: DetailViewController? = nil var managedObjectContext: NSManagedObjectContext? = nil override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = self.editButtonItem let addButton = UIBarButtonItem(barButtonSystemItem: .add, target: self, action: #selector(insertNewObject(_:))) self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = addButton if let split = self.splitViewController { let controllers = split.viewControllers self.detailViewController = (controllers[controllers.count-1] as! UINavigationController).topViewController as? DetailViewController } } override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) { self.clearsSelectionOnViewWillAppear = self.splitViewController!.isCollapsed super.viewWillAppear(animated) } override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() { super.didReceiveMemoryWarning() // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } func insertNewObject(_ sender: AnyObject) { let context = self.fetchedResultsController.managedObjectContext let entity = self.fetchedResultsController.fetchRequest.entity! let newManagedObject = NSEntityDescription.insertNewObject(forEntityName: entity.name!, into: context) // If appropriate, configure the new managed object. // Normally you should use accessor methods, but using KVC here avoids the need to add a custom class to the template. newManagedObject.setValue(Date(), forKey: "timeStamp") // Save the context. do { try context.save() } catch { // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. //print("Unresolved error \(error), \(error.userInfo)") abort() } } // MARK: - Segues override func prepare(for segue: UIStoryboardSegue, sender: Any?) { if segue.identifier == "showDetail" { if let indexPath = self.tableView.indexPathForSelectedRow { let object = self.fetchedResultsController.object(at: indexPath) let controller = (segue.destination as! UINavigationController).topViewController as! DetailViewController controller.detailItem = object controller.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = self.splitViewController?.displayModeButtonItem controller.navigationItem.leftItemsSupplementBackButton = true } } } // MARK: - Table View override func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int { return self.fetchedResultsController.sections?.count ?? 0 } override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int { let sectionInfo = self.fetchedResultsController.sections![section] return sectionInfo.numberOfObjects } override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell { let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "Cell", for: indexPath) let object = self.fetchedResultsController.object(at: indexPath) as! NSManagedObject self.configureCell(cell, withObject: object) return cell } override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, canEditRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> Bool { // Return false if you do not want the specified item to be editable. return true } override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, commit editingStyle: UITableViewCellEditingStyle, forRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) { if editingStyle == .delete { let context = self.fetchedResultsController.managedObjectContext context.delete(self.fetchedResultsController.object(at: indexPath) as! NSManagedObject) do { try context.save() } catch { // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. //print("Unresolved error \(error), \(error.userInfo)") abort() } } } func configureCell(_ cell: UITableViewCell, withObject object: NSManagedObject) { //cell.textLabel!.text = object.value(forKey: "timeStamp")!.description cell.textLabel!.text = (object.value(forKey: "timeStamp")! as AnyObject).description } // MARK: - Fetched results controller //var fetchedResultsController: NSFetchedResultsController { var fetchedResultsController: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult> { if _fetchedResultsController != nil { return _fetchedResultsController! } //let fetchRequest = NSFetchRequest() //let fetchRequest = NSFetchRequest<Event>(entityName: "Event") //another alternative let fetchRequest:NSFetchRequest<NSFetchRequestResult> = NSFetchRequest(entityName: "Event") // Edit the entity name as appropriate. let entity = NSEntityDescription.entity(forEntityName: "Event", in: self.managedObjectContext!) fetchRequest.entity = entity // Set the batch size to a suitable number. fetchRequest.fetchBatchSize = 20 // Edit the sort key as appropriate. let sortDescriptor = NSSortDescriptor(key: "timeStamp", ascending: false) fetchRequest.sortDescriptors = [sortDescriptor] // Edit the section name key path and cache name if appropriate. // nil for section name key path means "no sections". let aFetchedResultsController = NSFetchedResultsController(fetchRequest: fetchRequest, managedObjectContext: self.managedObjectContext!, sectionNameKeyPath: nil, cacheName: "Master") aFetchedResultsController.delegate = self _fetchedResultsController = aFetchedResultsController do { try _fetchedResultsController!.performFetch() } catch { // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately. // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development. //print("Unresolved error \(error), \(error.userInfo)") abort() } return _fetchedResultsController! } //var _fetchedResultsController: NSFetchedResultsController? = nil var _fetchedResultsController: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult>? func controllerWillChangeContent(_ controller: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult>) { self.tableView.beginUpdates() } func controller(_ controller: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult>, didChange sectionInfo: NSFetchedResultsSectionInfo, atSectionIndex sectionIndex: Int, for type: NSFetchedResultsChangeType) { switch type { case .insert: self.tableView.insertSections(IndexSet(integer: sectionIndex), with: .fade) case .delete: self.tableView.deleteSections(IndexSet(integer: sectionIndex), with: .fade) default: return } } func controller(_ controller: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult>, didChange anObject: Any, at indexPath: IndexPath?, for type: NSFetchedResultsChangeType, newIndexPath: IndexPath?) { switch type { case .insert: tableView.insertRows(at: [newIndexPath!], with: .fade) case .delete: tableView.deleteRows(at: [indexPath!], with: .fade) case .update: self.configureCell(tableView.cellForRow(at: indexPath!)!, withObject: anObject as! NSManagedObject) case .move: tableView.moveRow(at: indexPath!, to: newIndexPath!) } } func controllerDidChangeContent(_ controller: NSFetchedResultsController<NSFetchRequestResult>) { self.tableView.endUpdates() } /* // Implementing the above methods to update the table view in response to individual changes may have performance implications if a large number of changes are made simultaneously. If this proves to be an issue, you can instead just implement controllerDidChangeContent: which notifies the delegate that all section and object changes have been processed. func controllerDidChangeContent(controller: NSFetchedResultsController) { // In the simplest, most efficient, case, reload the table view. self.tableView.reloadData() } */ } 

DetailViewController.swift

 // // DetailViewController.swift // trash // // Created by Markus on 22/05/17. // Copyright © 2017 Markus. All rights reserved. // import UIKit class DetailViewController: UIViewController { @IBOutlet weak var detailDescriptionLabel: UILabel! var detailItem: AnyObject? { didSet { // Update the view. self.configureView() } } func configureView() { // Update the user interface for the detail item. if let detail = self.detailItem { if let label = self.detailDescriptionLabel { //label.text = detail.value(forKey: "timeStamp")!.description label.text = (detail.value(forKey: "timeStamp")! as AnyObject).description } } } override func viewDidLoad() { super.viewDidLoad() // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. self.configureView() } override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() { super.didReceiveMemoryWarning() // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } } 

数据模型是来自模板的原始模型，以及故事板。 两者都没有修改。

Answer 4

你可以使用新的API，并通过这样做来获得好处：

 var coreDataManager: CoreDataManagerProtocol! #if available(iOS10,*) { coreDataManager = CoreDataManagerNewStack() } else { coreDataManager = CoreDataManagerOldStack() } 

然后用新的堆栈将新的CoreData实现为一个类：

 class CoreDataManagerNewStack: CoreDataManagerProtocol { var container: NSPersistentContainer // etc } 

和上面的代码贴的老一代用整个代码来生成堆栈

 class CoreDataManagerOldStack: CoreDataManagerProtocol { lazy var managedObjectContext: NSManagedObjectContext = { // Returns the managed object context for the application (which is already bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.) This property is optional since there are legitimate error conditions that could cause the creation of the context to fail. let coordinator = self.persistentStoreCoordinator var managedObjectContext = NSManagedObjectContext(concurrencyType: .mainQueueConcurrencyType) managedObjectContext.persistentStoreCoordinator = coordinator return managedObjectContext }() // etc }